Modern development of arrhythmology explains the process of incidence and sustentation of arrhythmia, its pathophysiological and electrophysiological mechanisms. Therefore, the problem of atrial fibrillation treatment is still unsolvable. The influence of industry and intrusion us stereotypes nowadays are so that in fact patient with arrhythmia receives complete information neither about his disease nor about available methods of its treatment. Meanwhile, in the area of high-tech cardiac surgery there have been presented new types of operations focused not only on the electrical substrate of arrhythmia isolation, but also on the anatomical substrate elimination. Perception of this fact with more and more physicians allows feeling hopeful for the possibility of this problem solving on a new level.