Objective. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of cryoballoon isolation of pulmonary vein (PV) orifices in patients with various forms of atrial fibrillation (AF) and concomitant comorbidities. Material and methods. The mean follow-up period was 10.6 ± 2.2 months. The study included 100 patients (38 men) who underwent cryoballoon isolation of the orifices of the PV. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group included 57 (57%) patients with paroxysmal AF, and the second group included 43 (43%) patients with persistent AF. Results. Arrhythmia recurrence was documented in 32 patients during the follow-up period. We analyzed the relapse group depending on the form of AF. It was found that in patients with persistent form, the recurrence rate is higher than in patients with paroxysmal AF (19 (44.2%) out of 43 and 13 (22.8%) out of 57 patients, respectively). The chances of recurrence in the persistent form group were 2.679 times higher than in the paroxysmal group, the difference in odds was statistically significant (OR = 1.594, 95% CI 1.130–6.352; p<0.023). When conducting regression analysis in patients with various forms of AF and concomitant comorbid pathology after cryoballoon ablation of the orifices of the PV, factors affecting the risk of relapse were identified. As a result of assessing the probability of developing AF recurrence after cryoballoon isolation of PV, depending on the indexed volume of left atrium (IVLA) according to multislice computed tomography, an ROC curve was obtained, which was characterized by an area under the curve AUC equal to 0.78 ± 0.06 (95% CI 0.68–0.89; p<0.001). The threshold value of IVLA at the cut-off point, which corresponded to the highest value of the Youden index, was 61.9 ml/m2. A high risk of developing AF recurrence after cryoballoon isolation of drugs was predicted at an IVLA value of 61.9 ml/m2 and higher. The sensitivity of the model at the selected value of IVLA at the cut-off point was 87.5%, the specificity was 63.2%. When analyzing the effect of concomitant comorbid pathology in 100 patients with AF, it was found that the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and arterial hypertension (AH) increased the risk of arrhythmia recurrence by 3.01 and 2.78 times, respectively. When assessing rhythm retention (overall survival curve), it was noted: in patients without DM, the mean rhythm retention period was longer and amounted to 33.11 ± 1.21 weeks, in patients without AH, the average period of keeping the rhythm was higher and amounted to 30.41 ± 1.01 weeks. Conclusion. When selecting patients for cryoballoon ablation, it is worth considering not only the anatomical features of the left atrium, but also the presence of concomitant comorbid pathology. In patients with an initially high indexed IVLA (≥61.9 ml/m2), diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension, it is recommended to consider the staged treatment of AF.